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I was very surprised, during my research, to see how numerous and strong the voices defending the idea of a world government were, in the middle of the last century, during the five years following the creation of the UN; and that these facts, even for those who are interested in universal history, are relatively unknown.
Because this history is also ours.
Because it is unknown.
Yet it should be taught in our schools in the same way as national history.
History of the Planetarist Movement, Eighth and Final Part:
Apogee, Fall and Resilience
Peace can only be achieved by a universal awareness.
Nikola Tesla
In 1950, inspired by the actions of Garry Davis, under the impetus and coordination of Robert Sarrazac, but above all thanks to the determination of citizens, notables and elected officials of the department of Lot, in France, (including schoolteachers Emile Baynac, Maurice Mirouse and Marcel Dehan as well as doctors Louis Sauvé and Jean Calvet), the city councils of three quarters of the 340 or so communes that make up the department declared their communes mundialized.
The capital of the Lot department was even renamed Cahors Mundi (of the world in Esperanto). On June 24, 1950, 10,000 people (according to the Observateur[i]) gathered near the Valentré Bridge to celebrate the globalization of the Lot and the inauguration of the first symbolic milestone on the World Peace Road. The guest of honor at the event is Nobel Peace Prize winner Lord Boyd Orr, whom we mentioned earlier.
Thanks to the energy and fierce determination of the couple Renée and Roger Volpelière, in Gard, another department of Occitanie in France, 186 communes will be mundialized.
Cities such as Silkeborg (Denmark), Bad Kissingen (Germany), Nivelles (Belgium), Chelmsford (Great Britain) symbolically joined the movement by adopting the resolution of "world citizen city" and the suffix "Mundi".
Here is the text:
We, the mayors of Chelmsford, Nivelles, Silkeborg, Bad Kissingen, declare as the first citizens of our cities, our common desire to see peace and prosperity achieved by the creation, as soon as possible, of a Federal World Government, which alone can substitute the rule of Law for the present international anarchy and make possible the organization of the world's resources, so that each one receives his fair share of the fruits of the Earth.
We declare ourselves, in spirit, citizens of the world, and call upon all cities throughout the world to join us in this declaration, so that world citizenship becomes a reality.
More than a thousand cities and a multitude of departments, regions, provinces and states (13 in total) would do the same[iii], all over the world, in the following decades. In Japan alone, half of the provinces and more than 300 cities declared themselves mundialized.
This is one of the reasons why, in 1966, when a World Council for Mundialization was created by the Universal Movement for a World Federation (MUFM) (the new name of the MUCM since 1954), its headquarters were set in the heart of the very symbolic Hiroshima.
This poor people is only consulted when it is not needed, this people is not consulted when it is loaded with a gun.
François-Jean Armorin
The Western craze for globalism will fade away as quickly as it was ignited. We can even give a precise date to the end of this golden age of the mundialist movement: June 25, 1950, the date of the outbreak of the Korean War. For on the one hand, the eminence of a total war undermines the relevance of the movement and on the other hand, this cryofixation of the Cold War leads the Western authorities to stigmatize the Mundialist movement by associating it with communism. In the United States, Senator Joseph McCarthy embodied the archetype par excellence of this period of communist witch-hunting.
A few months earlier, in March 1950, the international communist organization World Committee of Peace Supporters, under the umbrella of the Moscow Cominform, had launched an anti-atomic petition entitled The Stockolm Appeal at its congress in Sweden. According to the organization, in a few months the petition collected hundreds of millions of signatures on both sides of the Iron Curtain, including those of many prominent Western artists and intellectuals. Nothing, therefore, to reassure Washington.
Here is the statement[iv]:
We demand an absolute ban on atomic weapons, weapons of terror and mass extermination of populations. We demand the establishment of a rigorous international control to ensure the application of this prohibition measure.
We consider that the government that would be the first to use atomic weapons against any country would be committing a crime against humanity and would be treated as a war criminal. We call upon all men of good will in the world to sign this appeal.
In 1956, in Egypt, UN peacekeepers undertook their first peacekeeping mission. Canada's federal Minister of External Affairs, Lester B. Pearson, played a leading role in this mission. Pearson, played a leading role in the creation of this first international police force. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957.
In 1958, the couple, Philip and Margaret Isely, founded the World Committee for a World Constitution in Colorado. Their relentless activism led to the creation of another provisional World Parliament of the Peoples[v], this one co-opted and therefore unelected. The twelfth session of this parliament took place in Calcutta, India, in 2010.
In a process spanning several decades, their organization, renamed the Association for a World Parliament and Constitution, eventually produced a world constitution[vi]. Unfortunately, once again, this complex constitution calls for the governments of nations to participate in the
process of selecting representatives to the world parliament[vii]. vii] As we have seen, the sovereignty of the people must be non-transferable. The elected representatives of the people must be directly and solely accountable to those who elect them.
We would not accept that lower levels of national government such as municipalities, provinces, departments, districts or states choose the representatives of higher levels. The involvement of states in the management of the world as a whole is what has led us to the current health, social, economic and environmental impasse. This must change.
1960 Joint statement by the governments of England, France, Canada, the U.S. and Italy at the Geneva conference that they would be willing to accept a world government.
1963 Encyclical letter Pacem inTerris[viii] by Pope John XXIII:
In our day, the universal common good poses problems of global dimensions. They can only be solved by a public authority whose power, constitution and means of action are also of world-wide dimensions and which can exercise its action over the whole of the earth. It is therefore the moral order itself that requires the constitution of a public authority of universal competence.
That same year, 43 mundialist organizations from 12 countries met in Brussels. They created a committee for the establishment of a "Congress of the Peoples", the first step towards the creation of a world parliament. The committee's main mandates were to draw up an inventory of the fundamental needs of humanity, to define the structures of the supranational authority to be created and to submit the results of this work to a council charged with drafting the world constitution.
Since then, this Congress of Peoples has issued declarations on universal subjects such as: Environment (1972), United Nations (1972), Oceans (1973), Energy and Raw Materials (1974). It also created an Institute of Mundialist Studies (1977), a Mundialist News Agency (1979) and a World Solidarity Fund against Hunger (1982).
In 1969, the first of twelve ballots was held that have allowed for the election of deputies to the Congress of the Peoples for a nine-year term. In this first vote, ballots were received from over 120 countries. For the first time, a principle of transnational election was established. Unfortunately, the electoral districts remain enclosed within the sacrosanct national framework. Moreover, voter turnout is anemic. The fact that in the 12th transnational election in 2010, more than 40 years after the first election, only 1109 votes were cast[ix], and this for the entire planet, is a testament to the low appetite for this project.
Planet Republyk believes that one of the reasons for the consistently low turnout for these global elections is the inability of the proposed model to develop a sense of ownership of this first attempt at a global parliament. Planet Republyk's proposal aims to address this shortcoming.
In 1966, a group of 13 world leaders, including Lord Boyd Orr, Alfred Kastler, Josué de Castro, Danilo Dolci, Rajan Nehru and the indefatigable Bertrand Russell (who 5 years earlier, at the age of 89, was still in prison for participating in an anti-nuclear demonstration[x]) launched what will be remembered as the "Declaration of the 13"[xi]; a cry from the heart to the population of the globe for an awareness of universal citizenship that should lead to the creation of a planetary government in order to solve the insoluble problems that humanity is facing.
As you can see, this "call" is still very relevant today:
In the absence of a supranational law, States are obliged to rely on force to defend their interests. The consequence: war, whether intentional or accidental, has become, since the disintegration of the atom and the development of bacteriological weapons, the absurd "final solution"; genocide extended to the entire human race.
In the absence of world institutions capable of ensuring the satisfaction of the basic needs common to all, the human person is scorned. While immense wealth is wasted, two-thirds of humanity suffers from hunger.
The progress of science and technology makes it possible to organize a world community where peace and abundance would reign, where fundamental freedoms would be guaranteed to individuals, peoples and nations.
Why is this not the case? Because governments, hypnotized by their duty to put the national interests of their countries first, far from accepting the necessary transformations, even hinder the action of international institutions created to defend universal peace and serve mankind.
Salvation, then, can only come from the people of the world, from the individuals who form it, from each one of us.
The first simple but effective act that we invite each of you to perform, as we have done ourselves, is to register as a world citizen.
The second step we will take together, if enough of you respond to our call, will be to organize, on a transnational basis, the election of delegates to defend the cause of man, to express the demands of the people of the world and, finally, to draw up the law of the peaceful and civilized world.
1968: Aware that the world is a global whole whose parts are interdependent and that endless economic and demographic growth in a finite world is a utopia, an Italian industrialist and a Scottish scientist join forces to create a think tank on the complex problems facing all societies, both industrialized and developing.
Named for the location of its first meeting in 1968, the Club of Rome brings together scientists, economists, government officials and industrialists from 52 countries. In 1970, it commissioned the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to conduct the first comprehensive study of the dangers to the Earth and humanity of the endless economic and population growth advocated by the current global economic model.
The publication, two years later, of the report Limits to Growth[xii] (also known as Meadows), was to have a worldwide impact because of its cataclysmic findings about the future of the planet and humanity.
On April 22, 1970, Earth Day was celebrated for the first time in the United States. The celebration became worldwide in 1990.
In 1974, during an international symposium of scientists at the Sorbonne, the Universal Movement for Scientific Responsibility (UMSR) was founded. The independent organization seeks to harmonize knowledge (the object of science), power (the phenomenon of society) and duty (the obligation of individual or collective moral conscience).
In 1975, on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the birth of the UN, the Association of World Citizens (AWC) was reborn in San Francisco. Since then, the NGO has been promoting peace, disarmament and democratic reform of the UN in order to reach the world parliament. Since it is not a threat to its survival, it is one of the few globalist organizations with consultative status at the UN.
In 1983 the first World Peace Games were held. Less focused on nationalism than the modern Olympic Games, these humanitarian, sports, cultural and economic meetings aim to promote tolerance among people in order to serve the peace of tomorrow.
In 1991, Dieter Heinrich launched the idea of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly (UNPA). His idea of transforming the UN assembly into a parliamentary assembly is still predominant in federalist and globalist activism, especially since it would be the most feasible scenario for establishing global governance.
Unfortunately for this activism, the UN is to the 21st century what the Concert of Nations was to the 20th. Life on earth desperately needs an international institution with the capacity to meet the challenges of its time.
In 1996, Gary Davies' son, Troy, created the Global Citizens Foundation, a think tank concerned with the principles of universal citizenship.
Since 2003, Democracy without Borders, a German NGO based in Berlin, has been involved in building an international committee for the democratic representation of world citizens in the institutions of global governance, including the UN. Andreas Bummel, its co-founder and director co-authored an excellent book in 2018 on the need for a world parliament: A World Parliament: Governance and Democracy in the 21st Century. The organization launched an international campaign for the establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly in 2007.
In 2004, at the House of World Citizenship in Mulhouse, France, representatives of 12 globalist organizations founded the Advisory Assembly to the Peoples Congress (ASCOP). Its objective is to unite under one umbrella the plethora of mundialist organizations around the globe in order to increase their influence tenfold.
ASCOP, also known as the Assembly of World Citizens, is currently made up of about a hundred organizations from around the world. The same year, in the same movement and by the same actors, the Coalition for a World Parliament was created.
In 2005, in Lukcnow, India, the World Movement for Global Democracy was born.
No one wants to hear about truly supranational institutions, because they would challenge the virtual sovereignty of the poor and the very real imperium of the rich...
Jacques Attali
I also wanted to share with you an original initiative which, although it is part of the exacerbated individualism of our time, pushed even to its paroxysm, nevertheless generates an interesting reflection on cosmopolitanism:
In 2006, Manny Neira, a British citizen of Spanish origin, decreed to reject the authority of any government over his person, due to the fact that he had not expressly and personally consented to it.
He proclaims Respubliko Mania: a country of which he is the only citizen and whose territory is limited to any area closer to him than to any other human at any given moment in his existence. As an example, this territory in the London Underground at rush hour is only a few centimeters, but on the moors of Scotland, it could be several kilometers. He gives this republic a constitution, a capital, an anthem, an official language and a flag. He constitutes a government of which he occupies all the posts.
In an approach that is both anarchistic and cynical, he invites us to think on the meaning of borders, citizenship and states as we know them.
In 2007, during a session in Belgium, the Peoples Congress declared the equinox day of March "World Citizens Day and World Unity Day".
Since 2013, a lively Global Week of Action for a World Parliament has been held every year in the autumn[xiii]. In order not to divide activism, the organization of the event does not advocate any specific proposal for a world parliament.
In 2014, sponsored by various mundialist associations, the World Citizen's March was launched on an international scale, aiming at the advent of governance through a reform of the UN.
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That's it for episode 13 and the final episode on the history of the planetarist movement!
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[i] Michel Auvray, opus quoted, p.225
[ii] Michel Auvray, opus quoted, p.161.
[iii] World Service Authority website: http://www.worldservice.org./mundcity.html?s=2#other
[iv] Academic Encyclopedia online : https://fr-academic.com/dic.nsf/frwiki/120934, consulted on November 21, 2021.
[v] World Constitution and Parliament Association website: Provisional World Parliament: http://worldparliament-gov.org/wcpa/wcpa-general-perspective/
[vi] World Parliament and Earth Federation website: Earth constitution: http://worldparliament-gov.org/constitution/the-earth-constitution/
[vii] World Parliament and Earth Federation website: http://worldparliament-gov.org/world-parliament/how-wp-works/
[viii] Official website of the Vatican, Pacem in Terris, encyclical letter of Pope John XXIII, article 137, Rome, 11 April 1963. http://www.vatican.va/content/vatican/fr.html
[ix] Website of the World Citizen Registry: results of the Peoples Congress polls from 1969 to 2010: http://www.recim.org/kdp/arkel-fr.htm#Elections
[x] Michel Auvray, opus quoted, p.255.
[xi] World Citizen Registry site: Appeal of the 13 of March 3, 1966: http://www.recim.org/cdm/cit13fr.html
[xii] Donella H. Meadows, Dennis L. Meadows, Jorgen Randers, William W. Behrens III and the MIT Project Team, The Limits to Growth. A report for the Club of Rome's project on the predicament of mankind, Universe Books, New York, 1972, 205 p. Online version: http://www.donellameadows.org/wp-content/userfiles/Limits-to-Growth-digital-scan-version.pdf
[xiii] Site of the Global Week of Action for a WorldParliament: http://www.worldparliamentnow.org/fr/